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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. GeoMesa vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. GeoMesa vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonGeoMesa  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.GeoMesa is a distributed spatio-temporal DBMS based on various systems as storage layer.A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score0.78
Rank#214  Overall
#4  Spatial DBMS
Score1.92
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.cockroachlabs.comwww.geomesa.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourceswww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.geomesa.org/­documentation/­stable/­user/­index.htmldocs.nebula-graph.io
DeveloperAmazonCockroach LabsCCRi and othersVesoft Inc.
Initial release2017201520142019
Current release24.1.0, May 20245.0.1, July 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache License 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoScalaC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemayesStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functions
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTdepending on storage layerSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replication using RAFTdepending on storage layerCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on storage layerImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nodepending on storage layeryes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlyes infodepending on the DBMS used for storageRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBGeoMesaNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCockroachDBGeoMesaNebulaGraph
DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
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