DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Datomic vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. CockroachDB vs. Cubrid vs. Datomic vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.29
Rank	#113	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	5.73
Rank	#58	Overall
	#34	Relational DBMS

Score	1.04
Rank	#187	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

www.cockroachlabs.com

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

www.datomic.com

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

cubrid.org/manuals

docs.datomic.com

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Amazon

Cockroach Labs

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

Cognitect

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2017

2015

2008

2012

2013

Current release

24.1.0, May 2024

11.0, January 2021

1.0.7075, December 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C, C++, Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

dynamic schema

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Transaction Functions

Triggers

yes

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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