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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RisingWave vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RisingWave vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRisingWave  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed RDBMS for stream processing, wire-compatible with PostgreSQLNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.58
Rank#242  Overall
#111  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.risingwave.com/­databasewww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.risingwave.com/­docs/­current/­introwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperAmazonMicrosoftRisingWave LabsSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release20172010201920222013
Current release8.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases1.2, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCRustC++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedDocker
Linux
macOS
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesStandard SQL-types and JSONyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RUDFs in Python or JavaJavaScript
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers and Rolessimple password-based access control

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRisingWaveSequoiadb
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