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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. Ingres vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Well established RDBMSA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.13
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score3.63
Rank#79  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#355  Overall
#150  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.actian.com/­databases/­ingreswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.iodocs.actian.com/­ingreswww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperAmazonCodenotaryActian CorporationTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release2017201020201974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s1987
Current release8.1, December 20181.2.3, April 202212.0, July 2024Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCGoCC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntaxyesyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyesyes
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsIngres ReplicatorSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCCyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusImmudbIngresTransbase
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