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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridRDBMS for high security requirements
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comlinter.ru
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docs
DeveloperAmazonGoogleHazelcastrelex.ru
Initial release20172010201720081990
Current release8.1, December 20185.3.6, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyes
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQL
Triggersnoyesnoyes infoEventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCitusGoogle Cloud SpannerHazelcastLinter
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