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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Cachelot.io vs. FoundationDB vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Cachelot.io vs. FoundationDB vs. Lovefield vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonCachelot.io  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudIn-memory caching systemOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.04
Rank#388  Overall
#62  Key-value stores
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunecachelot.iogithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mddocs.stardog.com
DeveloperAmazonFoundationDBGoogleStardog-Union
Initial release20172015201320142010
Current release6.2.28, November 20202.1.12, February 20177.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoSimplified BSD LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++JavaScriptJava
Server operating systemshostedFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Linux
OS X
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnono infosome layers support typingyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonosupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
Memcached protocolGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
JavaScript.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoin SQL-layer onlynouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
TriggersnononoUsing read-only observersyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.noneyesnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoin SQL-layer onlyyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restnoyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDByes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)nononoAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneCachelot.ioFoundationDBLovefieldStardog
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