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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Pinot vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Pinot vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Datastore

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score0.38
Rank#275  Overall
#126  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunepinot.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.pinot.apache.orgapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsFoundationDBGoogle
Initial release2017201520132008
Current release1.0.0, September 20236.2.28, November 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesno infosome layers support typingyes, details here
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languagesupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like query language (GQL)
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlyusing Google App Engine
TriggersnonoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engine
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioningShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesMulti-source replication using Paxos
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache PinotFoundationDBGoogle Cloud Datastore
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