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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache IoTDB vs. CrateDB vs. eXtremeDB vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache IoTDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAn IoT native database with high performance for data management and analysis, deployable on the edge and the cloud and integrated with Hadoop, Spark and FlinkDistributed Database based on LuceneNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Time Series DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.18
Rank#173  Overall
#15  Time Series DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#223  Overall
#103  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneiotdb.apache.orgcratedb.comwww.mcobject.comwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesiotdb.apache.org/­UserGuide/­Master/­QuickStart/­QuickStart.htmlcratedb.com/­docswww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperAmazonApache Software FoundationCrateMcObjectTimescale
Initial release20172018201320012017
Current release1.1.0, April 20238.2, 20212.13.0, November 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC and C++C
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM (>= 1.8)All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infosupport of XML interfaces availableyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query languageyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
Native API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions (Javascript)yesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnoyesnoyes infoby defining eventsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by time range) + vertical partitioning (by deviceId)Shardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication methods; using Raft/IoTConsensus algorithm to ensure strong/eventual data consistency among multiple replicasConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoIntegration with Hadoop and Sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong Consistency with Raft
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnono infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesrights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon NeptuneApache IoTDBCrateDBeXtremeDBTimescaleDB
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache IoTDBCrateDBeXtremeDBTimescaleDB
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