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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. Lovefield vs. MonetDB vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptA relational database management system that stores data in columnsMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#293  Overall
#133  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orggoogle.github.io/­lovefieldwww.monetdb.orgorientdb.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleMonetDB BVOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20172013201420042010
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.12, February 2017Dec2023 (11.49), December 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaScriptCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScriptC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes, in SQL, C, RJava, Javascript
TriggersnonoUsing read-only observersyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnoneSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factornonenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infousing MemoryDB
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaLovefieldMonetDBOrientDB
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