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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. H2GIS vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. H2GIS vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Spatial extension of H2A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score7.60
Rank#52  Overall
#9  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.h2gis.orgrealm.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homerealm.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsCNRSRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release20172013201520132014
Current release4.1.0, June 202223.1.1, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0Open Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++GoJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesdynamic schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLyesno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Java.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infobased on H2no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnononoyesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infobased on H2none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlyes infobased on H2yes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaCockroachDBH2GISRealm
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