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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Impala vs. CockroachDB vs. Realm

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudAnalytic DBMS for HadoopCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneimpala.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comrealm.io
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsrealm.io/­docs
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCockroach LabsRealm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release2017201320152014
Current release4.1.0, June 202224.1.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Go
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinux
macOS
Windows
Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesdynamic schemayes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenono inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
Triggersnononoyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.selectable replication factorMulti-source replication using RAFTnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoquery execution via MapReducenono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosRole-based access controlyes

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache ImpalaCockroachDBRealm
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