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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. H2 vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. H2 vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedruid.apache.orgwww.h2database.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsThomas MuellerOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2017201220052010
Current release29.0.1, April 20242.2.220, July 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingyesSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsJava, Javascript
TriggersnonoyesHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnoyesyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DruidH2OrientDB
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