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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Elasticsearch vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Search engineRDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.20
Rank#119  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptunedruid.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchrdf4j.org
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperAmazonApache Software Foundation and contributorsElasticSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017201220102004
Current release29.0.1, April 20248.6, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL for queryingSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesyes
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoES-Hadoop Connectorno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noMemcached and Redis integration
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneApache DruidElasticsearchRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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