DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. Elasticsearch vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Apache Druid vs. Derby vs. Elasticsearch vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast, reliable graph database built for the cloud

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.58
Rank	#112	Overall
	#9	Graph DBMS
	#5	RDF stores

Score	3.29
Rank	#95	Overall
	#49	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	5.30
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	134.78
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	4.00
Rank	#84	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/neptune

druid.apache.org

db.apache.org/derby

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

aws.amazon.com/neptune/developer-resources

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

db.apache.org/derby/manuals/index.html

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Amazon

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Elastic

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2017

2012

1997

2010

2013

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

10.17.1.0, November 2023

8.6, January 2023

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Elastic License

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-less columns are supported

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

Java

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

ES-Hadoop Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with encyption-at-rest

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Memcached and Redis integration

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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