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DBMS > Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Neptune vs. Amazon SimpleDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon SimpleDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudHosted simple database service by Amazon, with the data stored in the Amazon Cloud. infoThere is an unrelated product called SimpleDB developed by Edward ScioreA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFully managed big data interactive analytics platformKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score1.88
Rank#133  Overall
#23  Key-value stores
Score132.83
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#357  Overall
#51  Key-value stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­neptuneaws.amazon.com/­simpledbwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesdocs.aws.amazon.com/­simpledbwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAmazonAmazonElasticMicrosoftSTS Soft SC
Initial release20172007201020192011
Current release8.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases4.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC#
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedWindows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyes infoAll columns are indexed automaticallyyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsOpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesC#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Erlang
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoSharding must be implemented in the applicationShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.yesyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be specified for read operations
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in graphsnononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoConcurrent data updates can be detected by the applicationnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Memcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Amazon NeptuneAmazon SimpleDBElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSTSdb
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