DBMS > Amazon DynamoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Immudb vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon DynamoDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Immudb vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Hosted, scalable database service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Document store
Key-value store

Document store

Key-value store

RDF store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	74.07
Rank	#17	Overall
	#3	Document stores
	#2	Key-value stores

Score	14.29
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/dynamodb

firebase.google.com/docs/database

docs.immudb.io

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Codenotary

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2020

2004

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free tier for a limited amount of database operations

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
ColdFusion
Erlang
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

limited functionality with using 'rules'

yes

Triggers

yes

by integration with AWS Lambda

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

may be implemented via Amazon Elastic MapReduce (Amazon EMR)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be specified for read operations

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID across one or more tables within a single AWS account and region

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes, based on authentication and database rules

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