DBMS > Altibase vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison Altibase vs. DuckDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An enterprise grade, high-performance RDBMS

An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language

Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Often described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.07
Rank	#186	Overall
	#87	Relational DBMS

Score	4.57
Rank	#74	Overall
	#40	Relational DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.65
Rank	#234	Overall
	#20	Graph DBMS
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	0.82
Rank	#209	Overall
	#97	Relational DBMS

Website

altibase.com

duckdb.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

typedb.com

vitess.io

Technical documentation

github.com/ALTIBASE/Documents/tree/master/Manuals

duckdb.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

typedb.com/docs

vitess.io/docs

Developer

Altibase

Microsoft

Vaticle

The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale

Initial release

1999

2018

1989

2016

2013

Current release

v7.3, 2023, August 2023

0.10, February 2024

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.26.3, January 2024

15.0.2, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open source edition discontinued with March 2023

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

GPL Version 3, commercial licenses available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux

server-less

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Docker
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI SQL-92

yes

with proprietary extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)

ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C++
Java

C
C#

3rd party driver
C++
Crystal

3rd party driver
Go

3rd party driver
Java
Lisp

3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby

3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig

3rd party driver

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

stored procedures and stored functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

proprietary syntax

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

by using Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Multi-source replication

by using Cassandra

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

by using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

substituted by the relationship feature

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

ACID at shard level

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

at REST API level; other APIs in progress

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

More information provided by the system vendor

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