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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteallegrograph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFranz Inc.MicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOpenLink Software
Initial release2004201920101998
Current release8.0, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possibleyesnoyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common LispYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascriptyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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