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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. mSQL vs. NebulaGraph vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonmSQL infoMini SQL  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformmSQL (Mini SQL) is a simple and lightweight RDBMSA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.27
Rank#167  Overall
#77  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteallegrograph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerhughestech.com.au/­products/­msqlgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
github.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.iowww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperFranz Inc.MicrosoftHughes TechnologiesVesoft Inc.Juxt Ltd.
Initial release20042019199420192019
Current release8.0, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases4.4, October 20211.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial infofree licenses can be providedOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++Clojure
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesStrong typed schemaschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possibleyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetA subset of ANSI SQL is implemented infono subqueries, aggregate functions, views, foreign keys, triggersSQL-like query languagelimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Delphi
Java
Perl
PHP
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common LispYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rnouser defined functionsno
Triggersyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneCausal Clustering using Raft protocolyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
noneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesnoyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLNebulaGraphXTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
AllegroGraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorermSQL infoMini SQLNebulaGraphXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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