DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Tarantool

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. OrientDB vs. Tarantool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Well established RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

In-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applications

Primary database model

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

with Tarantool/GIS extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#9	Vector DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	1.67
Rank	#143	Overall
	#25	Document stores
	#25	Key-value stores
	#65	Relational DBMS

Website

allegrograph.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

orientdb.org

www.tarantool.io

Technical documentation

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

www.tarantool.io/en/doc

Developer

Franz Inc.

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2004

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

2010

2008

Current release

8.0, December 2023

11.2, May 2022

3.2.29, March 2024

2.10.0, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

BSD
Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Flexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columns

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

string, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetime

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

Full-featured ANSI SQL support

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Open binary protocol

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

yes

JavaScript

Java, Javascript

Lua, C and SQL stored procedures

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Hooks

yes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

Sharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Ingres Replicator

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Multi-source replication

Asynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Casual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition

when using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition

when using Raft

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

ACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactions

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

yes, cooperative multitasking

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, write ahead logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Access Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
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Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
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