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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Document storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#20  Document stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteallegrograph.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servervirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlcloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFranz Inc.IBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014MicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release2004201019891998
Current release8.0, December 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageErlangC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagenoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common LispView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javayes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationShardingtables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoOptimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphIBM CloudantMicrosoft SQL ServerVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
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