DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. etcd vs. GraphDB vs. InfluxDB vs. Neo4j
System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. etcd vs. GraphDB vs. InfluxDB vs. Neo4j
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| Name | AllegroGraph Xexclude from comparison | etcd Xexclude from comparison | GraphDB  former name: OWLIM Xexclude from comparison | InfluxDB Xexclude from comparison | Neo4j Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS | A distributed reliable key-value store | Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL. | DBMS for storing time series, events and metrics | Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store with version 6.5 Graph DBMS RDF store Vector DBMS | Key-value store | Graph DBMS RDF store | Time Series DBMS | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Spatial DBMS | Spatial DBMS with GEO package | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | allegrograph.com | etcd.io github.com/etcd-io/etcd | www.ontotext.com | www.influxdata.com/products/influxdb-overview | neo4j.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html | etcd.io/docs github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation | graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation | docs.influxdata.com/influxdb | neo4j.com/docs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Social network pages |      | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Franz Inc. | Ontotext | Neo4j, Inc. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2004 | 2000 | 2013 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 8.0, December 2023 | 3.4, August 2019 | 10.4, October 2023 | 2.7.6, April 2024 | 5.19, April 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial Limited community edition free | Open Source Apache Version 2.0 | commercial Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced | Open Source MIT-License; commercial enterprise version available | Open Source GPL version3, commercial licenses available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | Go | Java | Go | Java, Scala | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux OS X Windows | FreeBSD Linux Windows experimental | All OS with a Java VM Linux OS X Windows | Linux OS X through Homebrew | Linux Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database. OS X Solaris Windows | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes RDF schemas | schema-free | schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes | schema-free | schema-free and schema-optional | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | no | yes | Numeric data and Strings | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no bulk load of XML files possible | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | no | yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes | no | yes pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | SPARQL is used as query language | no | stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC | SQL-like query language | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | RESTful HTTP API SPARQL | gRPC JSON over HTTP | GeoSPARQL GraphQL GraphQL Federation Java API JDBC RDF4J API RDFS RIO Sail API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SPARQL 1.1 | HTTP API JSON over UDP | Bolt protocol Cypher query language Java API Neo4j-OGM Object Graph MapperRESTful HTTP API Spring Data Neo4j TinkerPop 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C# Clojure Java Lisp Perl Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C++ Clojure Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python R Ruby Rust Scala Tcl | .Net C# Clojure Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net Clojure Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp Perl PHP Python R Ruby Rust Scala | .Net Clojure Elixir Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes JavaScript or Common Lisp | no | well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility | no | yes User defined Procedures and Functions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | yes, watching key changes | no | no | yes via event handler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | with Federation | none | Sharding in enterprise version only | yes using Neo4j Fabric | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | Multi-source replication Source-replica replication | Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas. | Multi-source replication | selectable replication factor in enterprise version only | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol available in in Enterprise Version only | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request) | Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | no | yes Constraint checking | no | yes Relationships in graphs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no | ACID | no | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | yes Depending on used storage engine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication | no | Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on. | simple rights management via user accounts | Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | etcd | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | InfluxDB | Neo4j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph... » more | Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build... » more | InfluxData is the creator of InfluxDB , the open source time series database. It... » more | Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and... » more | GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment... » more | Time to Value InfluxDB is available in all the popular languages and frameworks,... » more | Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely... » more | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing... » more | IoT & Sensor Monitoring Developers are witnessing the instrumentation of every available... » more | Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph... » more | InfluxData has more than 1,900 paying customers, including customers include MuleSoft,... » more | Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise... » more | Fastest-growing database to drive 27,500 GitHub stars Over 750,000 daily active instances » more | Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition... » more | Open source core with closed source clustering available either on-premise or on... » more | GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | Can Neuro-Symbolic AI Solve AI’s Weaknesses? 100 Companies That Matter in KM – Franz Inc. Exploring AllegroGraph v8 – Unleashing the Power of Neuro-Symbolic AI (Recorded Webinar) What is Neuro-Symbolic AI? Allegro CL v11 – Now Available! – The Neuro-Symbolic AI Programming Platform | Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model Case study: Policy Enforcement Automation With Semantics Okay, RAG… We Have a Problem Scaling Understanding with the Help of Feedback Loops, Knowledge Graphs and NLP | An Introductory Guide to Grafana Alerts What to Expect When You’re Expecting InfluxDB: A Guide Introduction to Apache Iceberg Converting Timestamp to Date in Java A Detailed Guide to C# TimeSpan | This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, GraphRAG, GraphQL, Chatbot and more Neo4j Joins the Connect with Confluent Partner Program 10 Inspiring Projects to Spark Your NODES 2024 Presentation New Security Feature in Neo4j Aura: Customer Managed Keys Safeguarding Elections: How Graph Technology Powers Groundbreaking Research on Political Ads | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AllegroGraph | etcd | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | InfluxDB | Neo4j | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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