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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. MySQL vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. MySQL vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonMySQL  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSWidely used open source RDBMSScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infoKey/Value like access via memcached APIGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score1083.74
Rank#2  Overall
#2  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comduckdb.orgwww.mysql.comneo4j.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlduckdb.org/­docsdev.mysql.com/­docneo4j.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperFranz Inc.Oracle infosince 2010, originally MySQL AB, then SunNeo4j, Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20042018199520072014
Current release8.0, December 20230.10, February 20248.4.0, April 20245.19, April 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for MySQL: Fully managed MySQL, deployable in the cloud of your choice, with seamless integrations and lightning-fast setup.Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C and C++Java, ScalaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lessFreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyesyes infowith proprietary extensionsnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnoyes infoproprietary syntaxyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesnoyesyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith Federationnonehorizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabricyes using Neo4j Fabricyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infonot for MyISAM storage engineACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationnoUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphDuckDBMySQLNeo4jSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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