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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.13
Rank#179  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#8  Vector DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.64
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
neo4j.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.heavy.aineo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperFranz Inc.GoogleHEAVY.AI, Inc.Neo4j, Inc.
Initial release20042018201720162007
Current release8.0, December 20231.0.0, June 20245.10, January 20225.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++C++ and CUDAJava, Scala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lesshostedLinuxLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesyesyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnononoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersyesnononoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationnoneShardingSharding infoRound robinyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphDuckDBGoogle Cloud SpannerHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Neo4j
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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