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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Neo4j vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. DuckDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Neo4j vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#74  Overall
#40  Relational DBMS
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comduckdb.orgcloud.google.com/­bigqueryneo4j.comquestdb.io
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlduckdb.org/­docscloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsneo4j.com/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperFranz Inc.GoogleNeo4j, Inc.QuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release20042018201020072014
Current release8.0, December 20230.10, February 20245.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++Java, ScalaJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
server-lesshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyesyesnoSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersyesnonoyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith Federationnonenoneyes using Neo4j Fabrichorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlySource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationnoAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphDuckDBGoogle BigQueryNeo4jQuestDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Relational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
High ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Financial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Banks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
Open source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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