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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSDistributed Database based on LuceneElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websiteallegrograph.comcratedb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlcratedb.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmltrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperFranz Inc.CrateMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20042013201619942014
Current release8.0, December 202318.1.40, May 20202.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++, Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supporthostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispuser defined functions (Javascript)Transact SQLnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersyesnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Configurable replication on table/partition-levelyesSource-replica replicationyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationrights management via user accountsyesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphCrateDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBTrafodion
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
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