CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator support

hosted

AIX
Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibility

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

.NET
Erlang
Go

community maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

community maintained client
Perl

community maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

community maintained client
Scala

community maintained client

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

user defined functions (Javascript)

JavaScript

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Configurable replication on table/partition-level

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

unique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategy

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

managed by 'Learn by Usage'

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
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The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
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Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
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Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
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Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
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Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
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Key customers

Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
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Market metrics

The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

See CrateDB pricing >
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Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
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