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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. OrientDB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. CrateDB vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. OrientDB vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSDistributed Database based on LuceneA distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Document store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#269  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteallegrograph.comcratedb.comkyligence.io/­kyligence-enterpriseorientdb.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlcratedb.com/­docswww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperFranz Inc.CrateKyligence, Inc.OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPOpenLink Software
Initial release20042013201620101998
Current release8.0, December 20233.2.29, March 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinuxAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)SQL-like query language, no joinsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispuser defined functions (Javascript)Java, Javascriptyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesnoHooksyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationShardingShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Configurable replication on table/partition-levelMulti-source replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationrights management via user accountsAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurableFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphCrateDBKyligence EnterpriseOrientDBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
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