DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

High performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMS

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene

Elasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metric

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Document store

with version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.13
Rank	#179	Overall
	#30	Document stores
	#17	Graph DBMS
	#7	RDF stores
	#9	Vector DBMS

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	132.83
Rank	#7	Overall
	#1	Search engines

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

allegrograph.com

cassandra.apache.org

www.elastic.co/elasticsearch

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

franz.com/agraph/support/documentation/current/agraph-introduction.html

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/index.html

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Franz Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Elastic

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2004

2008

2010

2017

2004

Current release

8.0, December 2023

4.1.3, July 2023

8.6, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Limited community edition free

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Elastic License

commercial

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

RDF schemas

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

bulk load of XML files possible

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

C#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript or Common Lisp

yes

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

yes

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

with Federation

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

ES-Hadoop Connector

Using Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Memcached and Redis integration

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Knowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more

Competitive advantages

AllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more

Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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