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DBMS > AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison AllegroGraph vs. Amazon Neptune vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonAmazon Neptune  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSFast, reliable graph database built for the cloudEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.13
Rank#179  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score2.29
Rank#113  Overall
#9  Graph DBMS
#5  RDF stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#89  Overall
#16  Document stores
#6  Graph DBMS
#13  Key-value stores
Websiteallegrograph.comaws.amazon.com/­neptunewww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlaws.amazon.com/­neptune/­developer-resourcesgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperFranz Inc.AmazonOntotextMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20042017200020192010
Current release8.0, December 202310.4, October 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeyes infoRDF schemasschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no infobulk load of XML files possiblenonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languagenostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
OpenCypher
RDF 1.1 / SPARQL 1.1
TinkerPop Gremlin
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascript
Triggersyesnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeswith FederationnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-availability zones high availability, asynchronous replication for up to 15 read replicas within a single region. Global database clusters consists of a primary write DB cluster in one region, and up to five secondary read DB clusters in different regions. Each secondary region can have up to 16 reader instances.Multi-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith encyption-at-restyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationAccess rights for users and roles can be defined via the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Azure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
AllegroGraphAmazon NeptuneGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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