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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud PolarDB vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. NSDb vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud PolarDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNSDb  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA cloud-native relational database compatible with MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle. Designed for business critical applications.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of KubernetesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.66
Rank#235  Overall
#108  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#369  Overall
#40  Time Series DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­polardbwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.iovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­polardb/­product-overviewdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsnsdb.io/­Architecturedocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAlibabaCognitectMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release2012201620171998
Current release1.0.6735, June 20237.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJava, ClojureC++Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
macOS
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes: int, bigint, decimal, stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyesSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJava
Python
Clojure
Java
C#
Java
PHP
Java
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoTransaction FunctionsTransact SQLnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
TriggersyesBy using transaction functionsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding, horizontal partitioningShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesUsing Apache Luceneyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBDatomicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDbVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsPolarDB, previously ApsaraDB for PolarDB, is a cloud-native relational database designed...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesWebinar: Top Scientists Live: Tech Secrets to Double 11's Success Revealed. White...
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Performance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosCreating a Robust Cloud-Based Database for Fintech, E-Commerce and Gaming. Learn...
» more
Used for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSpecification and pricing. You can use either of the following billing methods to...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud PolarDBDatomicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNSDbVirtuoso
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