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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. LevelDB vs. QuestDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud MaxCompute vs. LevelDB vs. QuestDB vs. SpatiaLite vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud MaxCompute  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionMaxCompute (previously known as ODPS) is a general purpose, fully managed, multi-tenancy data processing platform for large-scale data warehousingEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataSpatial extension of SQLiteVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMS infoa graph-processing framework is available with the graphs being stored in tablesKey-value storeTime Series DBMSSpatial DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSRelational DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.77
Rank#214  Overall
#98  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­maxcomputegithub.com/­google/­leveldbquestdb.iowww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­indexvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­maxcomputegithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdquestdb.io/­docswww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAlibabaGoogleQuestDB Technology IncAlessandro FurieriOpenLink Software
Initial release20162011201420081998
Current release1.23, February 20215.0.0, August 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++Java (Zero-GC), C++, RustC++C
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
server-lessAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoSQL with time-series extensionsyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsFluentd
Flume
MaxCompute Console
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Javanononoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnononoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)noneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID for single-table writesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infothrough memory mapped filesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and rolesnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Alibaba Cloud MaxComputeLevelDBQuestDBSpatiaLiteVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
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