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DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Hypertable vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Hypertable vs. LevelDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on GreenplumA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.76
Rank#220  Overall
#102  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score8.33
Rank#46  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websitewww.alibabacloud.com/­product/­hybriddb-postgresqlcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationwww.alibabacloud.com/­help/­en/­analyticdb-for-postgresql/­latest/­product-introduction-overviewcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperAlibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development GroupGoogleThomas MuellerHypertable Inc.Google
Initial release20162017200520092011
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.9.8.11, March 20161.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C++
Server operating systemshostedhostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
C++ API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC
Java
Perl
Python
R
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnono
Triggersyesnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseselectable replication factor on file system levelnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono

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More resources
Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL infoformer name was HybridDBGoogle Cloud SpannerH2HypertableLevelDB
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