DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Quasardb

System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Citus vs. etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Quasardb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

A distributed reliable key-value store

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.76
Rank	#220	Overall
	#102	Relational DBMS

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	7.03
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.21
Rank	#322	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Website

www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql

www.citusdata.com

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

cloud.google.com/bigquery

quasar.ai

Technical documentation

www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview

docs.citusdata.com

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

doc.quasar.ai/master

Developer

Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group

Google

quasardb

Initial release

2016

2010

2009

Current release

8.1, December 2018

3.4, August 2019

3.14.1, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

integer and binary

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

with tags

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

yes, watching key changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

none

Sharding

consistent hashing

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using LevelDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Transient mode

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

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