DBMS > Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB
System Properties Comparison Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL vs. Amazon CloudSearch vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. PostgreSQL vs. TerminusDB
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| Name | Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL  former name was HybridDB Xexclude from comparison | Amazon CloudSearch Xexclude from comparison | Google Cloud Spanner Xexclude from comparison | PostgreSQL Xexclude from comparison | TerminusDB former name was DataChemist Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | An online MPP (Massively Parallel Processing) data warehousing service based on Greenplum | A hosted search engine service by Amazon with the data stored in Amazons cloud | A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play. | Widely used open source RDBMS Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL | Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Relational DBMS | Search engine | Relational DBMS | Relational DBMS with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module. | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary database models | Document store Graph DBMS with Apache AgeSpatial DBMS Vector DBMS with pgvector extension | Document store RDF store | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | www.alibabacloud.com/product/hybriddb-postgresql | aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch | cloud.google.com/spanner | www.postgresql.org | terminusdb.com | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | www.alibabacloud.com/help/en/analyticdb-for-postgresql/latest/product-introduction-overview | docs.aws.amazon.com/cloudsearch | cloud.google.com/spanner/docs | www.postgresql.org/docs | terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/# | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Alibaba / Pivotal Software Inc. / PostgreSQL Global Development Group | Amazon | PostgreSQL Global Development Group www.postgresql.org/developer | DataChemist Ltd. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2016 | 2012 | 2017 | 1989 1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL | 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 16.3, May 2024 | 11.0.0, January 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | commercial | commercial | commercial | Open Source BSD | Open Source GPL V3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | yes | yes | yes | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Implementation language | C | Prolog, Rust | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | hosted | hosted | hosted | FreeBSD HP-UX Linux NetBSD OpenBSD OS X Solaris Unix Windows | Linux | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | yes | no | yes specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality. | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes all search fields are automatically indexed | yes | yes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | yes | no | yes Query statements complying to ANSI 2011 | yes standard with numerous extensions | SQL-like query language (WOQL) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC ODBC | HTTP API | gRPC (using protocol buffers) API JDBC At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.RESTful HTTP API | ADO.NET JDBC native C library ODBC streaming API for large objects | OWL RESTful HTTP API WOQL (Web Object Query Language) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | C Java Perl Python R | Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Python | .Net C C++ Delphi Java JDBCJavaScript (Node.js) Perl PHP Python Tcl | JavaScript Python | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | yes | no | no | user defined functions realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc. | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | yes | no | no | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding Implicit feature of the cloud service | yes automatic partitioning across Amazon Search Instance as required | Sharding | partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash | Graph Partitioning | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | yes Implicit feature of the cloud service | yes managed transparently by AWS | Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances. | Source-replica replication other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions | Journaling Streams | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | no | no | yes using Google Cloud Dataflow | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | Immediate Consistency | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | yes | no | yes by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | ACID | no | ACID Strict serializable isolation | ACID | ACID | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes | yes | yes in-memory journaling | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | authentication via encrypted signatures | Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM) | fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard | Role-based access control | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Alibaba Cloud AnalyticDB for PostgreSQL former name was HybridDB | Amazon CloudSearch | Google Cloud Spanner | PostgreSQL | TerminusDB former name was DataChemist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Amazon - the rising star in the DBMS market The DB-Engines ranking includes now search engines | PostgreSQL is the DBMS of the Year 2023 Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2022, defending the title from last year Snowflake is the DBMS of the Year 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent citations in the news | Two Critical Flaws Found in Alibaba Cloud's PostgreSQL Databases Accidental ‘write’ Permissions In Alibaba PostgreSQL Let Attackers Access Sensitive Data Two critical vulnerabilities spotted in Alibaba Cloud's PostgreSQL databases Alibaba Cloud to spur AI innovation with upcoming Singapore hackathon in March | KrASIA How Data Analytics Capabilities of Alibaba Group Evolve Its Ecosystem to the Cloud provided by Google News | Amazon CloudSearch – Start Searching in One Hour for Less Than $100 / Month | Amazon Web Services Searching CloudTrail Logs Easily with Amazon CloudSearch | AWS Startups Blog AWS, Microsoft and Google should retire these cloud services CloudSearch Update – Price Reduction, Hebrew & Japanese Support, Partitioning, CloudTrail | Amazon Web Services Serverless Reference Architectures with AWS Lambda provided by Google News | Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient Google Cloud just fired a major volley at AWS as the cloud wars heat up Google Spanner: When Do You Need to Move to It? provided by Google News | PostgreSQL is Now Faster than Pinecone, 75% Cheaper, with New Open Source Extensions Timescale unveils high-performance AI vector database extensions for PostgreSQL A New Era AI Databases: PostgreSQL with pgvectorscale Outperforms Pinecone and Cuts Costs by 75% with New Open-Source Extensions PostgreSQL Tutorial: Definition, Commands, & Features How to implement a better like, views, comment counters in PostgreSQL? provided by Google News | How TerminusDB is commercializing its open source graph database TerminusDB Takes on Data Collaboration with a git-Like Approach Trinity College spinout TerminusDB secures €3.6m in investment [MCR2030-CAMS-ARISE-UNDRR Webinar] Preventing cascading failures of critical assets: Using the Open-Source ... Irish start-ups received €28m from Enterprise Ireland in 2021 provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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