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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS libraryEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformCloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.42
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score9.62
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orggithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.vertica.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqlgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorervertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffGoogleMicrosoftOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2014201120192005
Current release1.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases12.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScriptC++C++
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Yes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash

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More resources
AlaSQLLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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