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DBMS > AlaSQL vs. Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison AlaSQL vs. Apache Drill vs. Citus vs. Greenplum vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAlaSQL  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGreenplum  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionJavaScript DBMS librarySchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAnalytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database infoA logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.46
Rank#260  Overall
#40  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score8.37
Rank#48  Overall
#30  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitealasql.orgdrill.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comgreenplum.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationgithub.com/­AlaSQL/­alasqldrill.apache.org/­docsdocs.citusdata.comdocs.greenplum.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperAndrey Gershun & Mathias R. WulffApache Software FoundationPivotal Software Inc.Microsoft
Initial release20142012201020052019
Current release1.20.3, January 20238.1, December 20187.0.0, September 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT-LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaScriptC
Server operating systemsserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyes infosince Version 4.2yes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLClose to SQL99, but no user access control, stored procedures and host language bindings.SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJavaScript APIJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaScriptC++.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
Java
Perl
Python
R
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnoyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnonenoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayes infoonly for local storage and DOM-storagenoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes infoby using IndexedDB, SQL.JS or proprietary FileStorageDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesDepending on the underlying data sourcenonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDepending on the underlying data sourcefine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
AlaSQLApache DrillCitusGreenplumMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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