DBMS > AgensGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison AgensGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. PostgreSQL vs. SAP HANA vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Multi-model database supporting relational and graph data models and built upon PostgreSQL

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.17
Rank	#318	Overall
	#27	Graph DBMS
	#142	Relational DBMS

Score	786.87
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	659.62
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Score	35.22
Rank	#22	Overall
	#15	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#148	Overall
	#14	Graph DBMS

Website

bitnine.net/agensgraph

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.postgresql.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

bitnine.net/documentation

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

www.postgresql.org/docs

help.sap.com/hana

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Bitnine Global Inc.

Microsoft

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

SAP

Initial release

2016

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

2010

2017

Current release

2.1, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

16.4, August 2024

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache License 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

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Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux

Data scheme

depending on used data model

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard with numerous extensions

yes

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

Cypher Query Language
JDBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JDBC
ODBC

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

C
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

SQLScript, R

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

no, but can be realized using table inheritance

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Role-based access control

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