DBMS > Aerospike vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. Neo4j vs. TinkerGraph
System Properties Comparison Aerospike vs. GraphDB vs. HarperDB vs. Neo4j vs. TinkerGraph
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| Name | Aerospike  previously called Citrusleaf Xexclude from comparison | GraphDB former name: OWLIM Xexclude from comparison | HarperDB Xexclude from comparison | Neo4j Xexclude from comparison | TinkerGraph Xexclude from comparison | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Flash-optimized In-memory NoSQL Database | Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL. | Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture. | Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings | A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary database model | Document store Graph DBMS leveraging Apache TinkerpopKey-value store Spatial DBMS | Graph DBMS RDF store | Document store | Graph DBMS | Graph DBMS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Website | aerospike.com | www.ontotext.com | www.harperdb.io | neo4j.com | tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Technical documentation | docs.aerospike.com | graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation | docs.harperdb.io/docs | neo4j.com/docs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Social network pages |     |   | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Developer | Aerospike | Ontotext | HarperDB | Neo4j, Inc. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Initial release | 2012 | 2000 | 2017 | 2007 | 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current release | 7.0, November 2023 | 10.4, October 2023 | 3.1, August 2021 | 5.20, May 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| License Commercial or Open Source | Open Source Apache and AGPL Licenses; open sourced in June 2014; commercial Enterprise Edition available | commercial Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced | commercial free community edition available | Open Source GPL version3, commercial licenses available | Open Source Apache 2.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service | no | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. | Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Implementation language | C | Java | Node.js | Java, Scala | Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server operating systems | Linux | All OS with a Java VM Linux OS X Windows | Linux OS X | Linux Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database. OS X Solaris Windows | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Data scheme | schema-free | schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes | dynamic schema | schema-free and schema-optional | schema-free | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typing predefined data types such as float or date | yes | yes | yes JSON data types | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. | no | no | no | no | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secondary indexes | yes | yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes | yes | yes pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SQL Support of SQL | no | stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC | SQL-like data manipulation statements | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| APIs and other access methods | JDBC Proprietary protocol TinkerPop Gremlin | GeoSPARQL GraphQL GraphQL Federation Java API JDBC RDF4J API RDFS RIO Sail API Sesame REST HTTP Protocol SPARQL 1.1 | JDBC ODBC React Hooks RESTful HTTP/JSON API WebSocket | Bolt protocol Cypher query language Java API Neo4j-OGM Object Graph MapperRESTful HTTP API Spring Data Neo4j TinkerPop 3 | TinkerPop 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Supported programming languages | .Net C C# C++ Erlang Go Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lua Perl PHP Python Ruby | .Net C# Clojure Java JavaScript (Node.js) PHP Python Ruby Scala | .Net C C# C++ ColdFusion D Dart Delphi Erlang Go Haskell Java JavaScript (Node.js) Lisp MatLab Objective C Perl PHP PowerShell Prolog Python R Ruby Rust Scala Swift | .Net Clojure Elixir Go Groovy Haskell Java JavaScript Perl PHP Python Ruby Scala | Groovy Java | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Server-side scripts Stored procedures | user defined functions with Lua | well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility | Custom Functions since release 3.1 | yes User defined Procedures and Functions | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triggers | no | no | no | yes via event handler | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes | Sharding | none | A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster | yes using Neo4j Fabric | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes | selectable replication factor | Multi-source replication | yes the nodes on which a table resides can be defined | Causal Clustering using Raft protocol available in in Enterprise Version only | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods | yes Aerospike Aggregation Framework is similar to Map/Reduce | no | no | no | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system | Eventual Consistency in cross-datacenter configuration and Immediate Consistency in local cluster configuration | Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request) | Immediate Consistency | Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode | none | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign keys Referential integrity | no | yes Constraint checking | no | yes Relationships in graphs | yes Relationships in graphs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data | Atomic execution of operations | ACID | Atomic execution of specific operations | ACID | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data | yes | yes | yes | yes | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Durability Support for making data persistent | yes | yes | yes, using LMDB | yes | optional | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. | yes | yes | yes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| User concepts Access control | Access rights for users and roles with Enterprise Edition only | Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on. | Access rights for users and roles | Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos) | no | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| More information provided by the system vendor | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospike previously called Citrusleaf | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | HarperDB | Neo4j | TinkerGraph | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Specific characteristics | Aerospike is an enterprise-class, NoSQL database solution delivering predictable... » more | Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build... » more | Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Competitive advantages | Optimized for use with SSDs (solid-state hard drives) Scales horizontally and vertically... » more | GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment... » more | Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Typical application scenarios | Aerospike excels in mission-critical applications that have mixed read/write workloads... » more | Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing... » more | Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key customers | Nielsen, Williams-Sonoma, Inmobi, AppNexus, Telco (confidential), Financial Services... » more | GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph... » more | Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market metrics | Aerospike's combination of speed, scalability, and reliability delivers 10x performance... » more | GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise... » more | Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Licensing and pricing models | Subscription-based Enterprise Edition and free, open-source Community Edition » more | GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition... » more | GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial... » more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| News | Aerospike a Winner in 2024 Business Sustainability Awards New Aerospike Release Lets Enterprises Consolidate Expensive Legacy Cache And Database Platforms Aerospike Recognized by Independent Research Firm Among Notable Vendors in Vector Databases Report Aerospike Closes $109M in Growth Capital from Sumeru Equity Partners Aerospike Achieves the new AWS Advertising and Marketing Technology Competency | Matching Skills and Candidates with Graph RAG A Triple Store RAG Retriever Integrating GraphDB with Relational Database Systems Understanding the Graph Center of Excellence Migrating From LPG to RDF Graph Model | This Week in Neo4j: Importing Data, NODES, GenAI, Going Meta and more openCypher Will Pave the Road to GQL for Cypher Implementers 7 Tips for Submitting Your NODES 2024 Talk How to Configure Neo4j Aura With AWS PrivateLink This Week in Neo4j: Podcast, GraphRAG, GraphQL, Chatbot and more | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| More resources | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aerospike previously called Citrusleaf | GraphDB former name: OWLIM | HarperDB | Neo4j | TinkerGraph | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DB-Engines blog posts | Evaluating Hbase and Aerospike Solutions for Real-time System of Record | Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Recent citations in the news | Aerospike raises $109M for its real-time database platform to capitalize on the AI boom Aerospike Raises $109M For Accelerated Database Development, Market Expansion Aerospike reels in $109M to accelerate its high-speed database Aerospike a Winner in 2024 Business Sustainability Awards Aerospike Nabs $109M to Grow Data Biz Turbocharged by AI provided by Google News | Ontotext's GraphDB Solution is Now Available on the Microsoft Azure Marketplace Ontotext Unveils GraphDB 10.4 with Enhanced AWS Integration and ChatGPT Connector Ontotext GraphDB is available on Azure, delivers rich knowledge graph experience Ontotext Platform 3.0 for Enterprise Knowledge Graphs Released Ontotext's GraphDB 8.10 Makes Knowledge Graph Experience Faster and Richer provided by Google News | Meet HarperDB, Winner of the Startups of the Year in Denver Startups of the Year 2023: Meet HarperDB - A Database and Application Development Platform Jaxon Repp on HarperDB Distributed Database Platform Unlocking immersive golfing experiences with AWS Wavelength | Amazon Web Services A sharper HarperDB, connectivity done auspiciously provided by Google News | Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English Neo Technology Announces Neo4j GraphDays Events in Seattle and Silicon Valley Neo4j CTO says new Graph Query Language standard will have 'massive ripple effects' Neo4j Is Planning IPO on Nasdaq, Largest Owner Greenbridge Says Give Your Graph Workload a Cost-Performance Boost with Neo4j and AWS Graviton | Amazon Web Services provided by Google News | Why developers like Apache TinkerPop, an open source framework for graph computing | Amazon Web Services Introducing Gremlin query hints for Amazon Neptune InfiniteGraph Gets Support for Common Graph Database Language and More provided by Google News | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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