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DBMS > Aerospike vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Raima Database Manager vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Aerospike vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Raima Database Manager vs. TimesTen vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAerospike infopreviously called Citrusleaf  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFlash-optimized In-memory NoSQL DatabaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to OracleVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS infoleveraging Apache Tinkerpop
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score5.78
Rank#61  Overall
#11  Document stores
#3  Graph DBMS
#7  Key-value stores
#2  Spatial DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#259  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaerospike.comcloud.google.com/­spannerraima.comwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aerospike.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.raima.comdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1docs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTube
DeveloperAerospikeGoogleRaima Inc.Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005OpenLink Software
Initial release20122017198419981998
Current release7.0, November 202315, June 202111 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache and AGPL Licenses; open sourced in June 2014; commercial Enterprise Edition availablecommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCC
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedAndroid
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
Proprietary protocol
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infowith Luanoyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationPL/SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoAerospike Aggregation Framework is similar to Map/Reduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency in cross-datacenter configuration and Immediate Consistency in local cluster configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic execution of operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpointsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users and roles infowith Enterprise Edition onlyAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Aerospike infopreviously called CitrusleafGoogle Cloud SpannerRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaTimesTenVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsAerospike is an enterprise-class, NoSQL database solution delivering predictable...
» more
Raima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesOptimized for use with SSDs (solid-state hard drives) Scales horizontally and vertically...
» more
Decreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosAerospike excels in mission-critical applications that have mixed read/write workloads...
» more
Typical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersNielsen, Williams-Sonoma, Inmobi, AppNexus, Telco (confidential), Financial Services...
» more
Infor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsAerospike's combination of speed, scalability, and reliability delivers 10x performance...
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Over 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSubscription-based Enterprise Edition and free, open-source Community Edition
» more
Just as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
News

Aerospike Closes $109M in Growth Capital from Sumeru Equity Partners
4 April 2024

Aerospike Achieves the new AWS Advertising and Marketing Technology Competency
30 November 2023

Aerospike Showcases New Levels of Database Performance, Price, and Sustainability on Graviton3 at AWS re:Invent
28 November 2023

Aerospike Database 7 Delivers Enterprise Resiliency, Scale, and Speed to In-memory Database Workloads
15 November 2023

Aerospike Listed as Sample Vendor in Gartner® Hype Cycle™ for Data Management, 2023
24 October 2023

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Aerospike infopreviously called CitrusleafGoogle Cloud SpannerRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaTimesTenVirtuoso
DB-Engines blog posts

Evaluating Hbase and Aerospike Solutions for Real-time System of Record
17 March 2020,  Srini Srinivasan, Aerospike (sponsor) 

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Recent citations in the news

Aerospike raises $109M for its real-time database platform to capitalize on the AI boom
4 April 2024, TechCrunch

Aerospike Raises $109M For Accelerated Database Development, Market Expansion
4 April 2024, CRN

Aerospike reels in $109M to accelerate its high-speed database
4 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Aerospike set to grow real time database for AI with $109M raise
4 April 2024, VentureBeat

Aerospike Lands $109 Million Investment to Fuel Expansion
25 April 2024, Channel Insider

provided by Google News

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google turns up the heat on AWS, claims Cloud Spanner is half the cost of DynamoDB
11 October 2023, TechCrunch

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

Google Cloud Spanner competes directly with Amazon DynamoDB
12 October 2023, Techzine Europe

More AI Added to Google Cloud's Databases
28 February 2024, Datanami

provided by Google News

Raima re-bundles their Raima Database Manager packages to align with market trends
14 March 2012, Embedded

Edge Computing Enabling the Future | Wind River
2 July 2018, WIND

LabVIEW integrates Raima's Database API
7 August 2013, Embedded

IP Core for ASICs & FPGAs meets CAN FD spec
27 January 2014, Embedded

provided by Google News

In-memory databases with Emulex Gen 7
25 October 2023, Broadcom Inc.

provided by Google News



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