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DBMS > Adabas vs. LevelDB vs. Raima Database Manager vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. LevelDB vs. Raima Database Manager vs. UniData,UniVerse vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilitiesVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Multivalue DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.46
Rank#259  Overall
#120  Relational DBMS
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlgithub.com/­google/­leveldbraima.comwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidatavirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.raima.comdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidatadocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperSoftware AGGoogleRaima Inc.Rocket SoftwareOpenLink Software
Initial release19712011198419851998
Current release1.23, February 202115, June 20217.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++CCC
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynoyesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesNaturalC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalnoyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationyesyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes infoU2 Basicyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistanonehorizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatornoneSource-replica replicationSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACID infoconfigurableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)nonoAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system basedFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"LevelDBRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaUniData,UniVerseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsRaima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
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Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
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Competitive advantagesDecreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
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Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
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Typical application scenariosTypical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
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Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
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Key customersInfor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
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Market metricsOver 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
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Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsJust as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
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Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
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News

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

Raima Expands Their Reseller Network in Asia
19 May 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"LevelDBRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaUniData,UniVerseVirtuoso
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