DBMS > Adabas vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Immudb vs. Lovefield vs. SpatiaLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Spatial extension of SQLite

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.79
Rank	#102	Overall
	#2	Multivalue DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	1.63
Rank	#146	Overall
	#3	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

google.github.io/lovefield

www.gaia-gis.it/fossil/libspatialite/index

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.gaia-gis.it/gaia-sins/spatialite_topics.html

Developer

Software AG

Codenotary

Google

Alessandro Furieri

Initial release

1971

2020

2014

2008

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

5.0.0, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Server operating systems

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

server-less

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

yes

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

Natural

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in Natural

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Spatial database management systems
6 April 2021, Matthias Gelbmann

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Recent citations in the news

Re-evaluating legacy: Should you leave Adabas (and Natural) behind?
30 May 2024, ITWeb

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26 October 2023, Legacy.com

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