DBMS > Adabas vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. HyperSQL vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. VelocityDB vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

OLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments

used typically together with the Natural programming platform

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Multivalue DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.79
Rank	#102	Overall
	#2	Multivalue DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#354	Overall
	#37	Graph DBMS
	#15	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

www.softwareag.com/en_corporate/platform/adabas-natural.html

hsqldb.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

velocitydb.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

velocitydb.com/UserGuide

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Software AG

Microsoft

VelocityDB Inc

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

1971

2001

1989

2011

2019

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

7.x

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Clojure

Server operating systems

BS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
Windows

Any that supports .NET

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with add-on product Adabas SQL Gateway

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

HTTP API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API

with add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

.Net

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Natural

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in Natural

Java, SQL

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

yes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vista

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, with add-on product Event Replicator

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

only with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Based on Windows Authentication

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