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DBMS > Adabas vs. Graph Engine vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Graph Engine vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineCloud-based data warehousing serviceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.58
Rank#91  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score0.62
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score1.34
Rank#166  Overall
#76  Relational DBMS
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.graphengine.iowww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehouseazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperSoftware AGMicrosoftIBMMicrosoftOpenLink Software
Initial release19712010201420161998
Current release7.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation language.NET and CC++C
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
.NEThostedhostedAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynoyesyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesNaturalC#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalyesPL/SQL, SQL PLTransact SQLyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistahorizontal partitioningShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatoryesyesChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyesFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Graph Engine infoformer name: TrinityIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseVirtuoso
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