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DBMS > Adabas vs. Firebird vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Firebird vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformNuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.94
Rank#197  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlwww.firebirdsql.orgwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-database
Technical documentationwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdoc.nuodb.com
DeveloperSoftware AGFirebird FoundationCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.
Initial release19712000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201420192013
Current release5.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infolimited edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewayyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesNaturalC
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalPSQLnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistanoneSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicedata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes infoManaged transparently by NuoDB
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnonoACID infotunable commit protocol
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infoTemporary table
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Users with fine-grained authorization conceptnoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationStandard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"FirebirdHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNuoDB
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