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DBMS > Adabas vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Realm

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. CouchDB vs. DuckDB vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Realm

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonRealm  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.An embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.79
Rank#102  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score13.64
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score7.41
Rank#52  Overall
#8  Document stores
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlcouchdb.apache.orgduckdb.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databaserealm.io
Technical documentationdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stableduckdb.org/­docsfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaserealm.io/­docs
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019
Initial release19712005201820122014
Current release3.3.3, December 20230.10, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
server-lesshostedAndroid
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infovia viewsyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL Gatewaynoyesnono
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIArrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesNaturalC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
.Net
Java infowith Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin NaturalView functions in JavaScriptnolimited functionality with using 'rules'no inforuns within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary
TriggersnoyesnoCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes infoChange Listeners
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0nonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoIn-Memory realm
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Access rights for users can be defined per databasenoyes, based on authentication and database rulesyes

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"CouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"DuckDBFirebase Realtime DatabaseRealm
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