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DBMS > Adabas vs. Apache Drill vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. Apache Drill vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimescaleDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.64
Rank#104  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#126  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score0.01
Rank#377  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score4.06
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmldrill.apache.orgwww.hawkular.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docswww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidedocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperSoftware AGApache Software FoundationCommunity supported by Red HatMicrosoftTimescale
Initial release19712012201420192017
Current release1.20.3, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP RESTMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesNaturalC++Go
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturaluser defined functionsnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
Triggersnonoyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas VistaShardingSharding infobased on CassandraSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event Replicatorselectable replication factor infobased on Cassandrayes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnononoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noDepending on the underlying data sourcenonono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Depending on the underlying data sourcenoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"Apache DrillHawkular MetricsMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimescaleDB
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