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DBMS > Adabas vs. AllegroGraph vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Adabas vs. AllegroGraph vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAdabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"  Xexclude from comparisonAllegroGraph  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionOLTP - DBMS for mainframes and Linux/Unix/Windows environments infoused typically together with the Natural programming platformHigh performance, persistent RDF store with additional support for Graph DBMSEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelMultivalue DBMSDocument store infowith version 6.5
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Vector DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.17
Rank#94  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#187  Overall
#30  Document stores
#17  Graph DBMS
#7  RDF stores
#7  Vector DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.softwareag.com/­en_corporate/­platform/­adabas-natural.htmlallegrograph.comwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationfranz.com/­agraph/­support/­documentation/­current/­agraph-introduction.htmlgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperSoftware AGFranz Inc.OntotextMicrosoftAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release19712004200020192012
Current release8.0, December 202310.4, October 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsBS2000
Linux
Unix
Windows
z/OS
z/VSE
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infoRDF schemasschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobulk load of XML files possiblenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infowith add-on product Adabas SQL GatewaySPARQL is used as query languagestored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsHTTP API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
SOAP-based API infowith add-on software Adabas SOA Gateway
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesNaturalC#
Clojure
Java
Lisp
Perl
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin Naturalyes infoJavaScript or Common Lispwell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnoyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesyes, with additonal products like Adabas Cluster Services, Adabas Parallel Services, Adabas Vistawith FederationnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, with add-on product Event ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlonly with OS-specific tools (e.g. IBM RACF, CA Top Secret)Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authenticationDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Azure Active Directory AuthenticationUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Adabas infodenotes "adaptable data base"AllegroGraphGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTitan
Specific characteristicsKnowledge Graph Platform Leader FedShard - Designed for Entity-Event Knowledge Graph...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesAllegroGraph is uniquely suited to support adhoc queries through SPARQL, Prolog and...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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