DBMS > 4D vs. chDB vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. chDB vs. Spark SQL vs. ToroDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

Application development environment with integrated database management system

An embedded SQL OLAP Engine powered by ClickHouse

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.47
Rank	#110	Overall
	#54	Relational DBMS

Score	0.07
Rank	#376	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

www.4d.com

github.com/chdb-io/chdb

spark.apache.org/sql

github.com/torodb/server

Technical documentation

developer.4d.com

doc.chdb.io

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

4D, Inc

Apache Software Foundation

8Kdata

Initial release

1984

2023

2014

2016

Current release

v20, April 2023

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL-V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Scala

Java

Server operating systems

OS X
Windows

server-less

Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java 7 VM

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

close to SQL 92

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

by using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

4D proprietary IDE
PHP

Bun
C
C++
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Users and groups

Access rights for users and roles

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More resources

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