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DBMS > 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison 4D vs. Spark SQL vs. Tarantool vs. Teradata Aster vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Name4D infoformer name: 4th Dimension  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionApplication development environment with integrated database management systemSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsPlatform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and typesIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.58
Rank#108  Overall
#54  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitewww.4d.comspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.tarantool.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdeveloper.4d.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.tarantool.io/­en/­docdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
Developer4D, IncApache Software FoundationVKTeradataOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release19842014200820051998
Current releasev20, April 20233.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20232.10.0, May 202211 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool Enterprisecommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageScalaC and C++
Server operating systemsOS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Storeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnonoyes infoin Aster File Storeno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoclose to SQL 92SQL-like DML and DDL statementsFull-featured ANSI SQL supportyesyes
APIs and other access methodsODBC
RESTful HTTP API infoby using 4D Mobile
SOAP webservices
JDBC
ODBC
Open binary protocolADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages4D proprietary IDE
PHP
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoLua, C and SQL stored proceduresR packagesPL/SQL
Triggersyesnoyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes, utilizing Spark CoreSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.Shardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replicationnoneAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
yes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Frameworkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyesnoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistencenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers and groupsnoAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
4D infoformer name: 4th DimensionSpark SQLTarantoolTeradata AsterTimesTen
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